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職業發展

Career Development

　

每一個人為求有一個有意義且更成功的職業而努力時，在自己的職業技能方面都有改善的空間。雖然有些人才剛開始他們的職業生涯，有的人則需要持續接受訓練，才能趕上日新月異的科技變遷。更有些人從未接受過充分的訓練，因此他們無法找到長久的、有意義的工作。沒有人比扶輪社員們更瞭解在從事有用的工作中獲得的滿足感。在全世界各地，有許多人與此種滿足感無緣，因為他們的能力或職技的準備不足以自立或維持自己的家庭。

Everyone has some room for improvement in their vocational skills as they strive toward a meaningful and successful career. While some are only beginning their working lives, others need continuous retraining to keep up with the ever-changing nature of technology. Still others have never had adequate training, and this prevents them from finding lasting, meaningful work. No one knows better than Rotarians the satisfaction that comes from performing useful work. All around the world, people are denied this same satisfaction because they are unable or unprepared to support themselves and their families.

 

青少年的職業資訊

Career Information for Youth

剛踏入職場的青少年通常都會不知所措。作為經驗豐富的事業及專業人士，扶輪社員們所處的地位使他們特別適於把他們的職業資訊與青少年們分享，以協助他們在進入職場前做更好的準備，並且提供不同職業的短期實習機會，同時也可以強調道德行為的重要性。

The first steps into the workforce are often the most confusing. Rotarians, as experienced business and professional leaders, are uniquely positioned to share career information with young people, to assist them in becoming prepared to enter the workforce, and to provide the opportunity for short-term practical experience with different vocations — all the while emphasizing the importance of ethical behavior.

籌備職業會議

Organizing a career conference

以下大綱簡要介紹許多扶輪社所使用的職業會議計劃，貴社可根據需要及興趣加以調整。

1.在例會說明這項計劃，並徵求社員擔任本身所屬職業的顧問。在社區其他團體尋找貴社內部所沒有的職業之代表。

2.與校方商量。取得同意，詳細討論哪些學生、硬體設施、以及如何推廣這項職業會議。與教師及學校輔導老師會面，請求他們志願協助。他們的合作對於會議的成功與否非常重要。

3.考慮徵求扶輪少年服務團或扶輪青年服務團協助籌備這項會議。

4.分發職業類別名單給合資格的學生，請每個學生勾選出兩種感興趣的職業。

5.邀請合格的學生(及其家長)在某個晚上到學校開會。準備一份能吸引人的節目表，並將主講人及職業顧問的姓名列上去。

6.以一場具有啟發性的全體會議揭開這項職業會議的序幕。

7.在啟發性的會議之後，根據職業領域分成不同的小組。每個小組應有一個扶輪社員或義工對該種職業很熟悉。請教師或輔導老師擔任每個小組的主持人。主持人應介紹專家，並在專家致詞之後主持問答。

8.後續追蹤以及會後評估(透過問卷、檢討會等)對於規劃未來的職業會議很重要。

The following outline describes a plan used by many clubs that can be adapted to your club’s needs and interests.

1. Explain the plan at a club meeting and enlist club members to serve as consultants on their occupations. Seek representatives of occupations not represented in your club from other groups in your community.

2. Confer with school authorities. Get approval, discuss details on eligible students, physical setup, and promotion of the conference. Meet with teachers and counselors and ask them to volunteer assistance. Their cooperation is vital to the success of the conference.

3. Consider enlisting the aid of Interactors or Rotaractors in organizing the conference.

4. Circulate a list of the occupations among eligible students and have each student check two that are of interest.

5. Invite eligible students (and their parents) to meet at the school on a given evening. Prepare an attractive program that lists names of the keynote speaker and consultants.

6. Begin the conference with an inspirational meeting attended by all.

7. After the inspirational meeting, break up into groups according to career areas. Each group should feature a Rotarian or volunteer who knows the field. Have a teacher or counselor act as moderator of each group. The moderator should introduce the expert and run the question-and-answer period that follows the expert’s remarks.

8. Follow-through and evaluation (via questionnaires, feedback forums, etc.) are important in planning for future conferences.

擔任良師益友

Mentoring

擔任良師益友可以消除社上不同階級、年齡、以及種族之間的隔閡，擔任良師益友者與青少年之間的互相瞭解及成長。擔任良師益友工作是一個人對於另一個人的投資，可以激發潛在的創造力、生產力，以及人際關係。

Mentoring dissolves society’s barriers between class, age, and race and allows for mutual understanding and growth in both the mentor and the young person. Mentoring is one person’s investment in another and can bring forth untapped potential in creativity, productivity, and human relations.

許多青少年在生活上缺少成人來關心。這些青少年的家庭通常面臨貧窮、父母離婚、吸毒，以及暴力等壓力。學校的老師及輔導老師不一定能有所協助，因為他們也忙著照顧其他家庭情況也類似的學生。

擔任良師益友計劃就是要使那些真心誠意需要有人關心的孩子能有一個大人來關心。一對一的關心能具體接觸到青少年的生活，並直接影響到他們的未來。

Many young people have a lack of caring adults in their lives. They come from families that face the pressures of poverty, divorce, substance abuse, and violence. Their teachers and counselors at school can’t always be of assistance because they are overburdened trying to attend to many other students whose families live with similar conditions.

Mentoring programs bring an adult into the life of a child who sincerely needs attention. One-to-one, caring relationships can touch the lives of young people and directly affect their futures.

良師益友可以擔任數種角色：

作一個社會的支持者/指導者，在年輕人開始新的職業經驗時，給予鼓勵。

作一個模範，在行為上以身則，並提供正確的價值觀念，以鼓勵建立強烈的工作倫理，並增進未來成功及幸褔的機會。

作一個挑戰者，鼓會年輕人發揮最大的潛力，以及獲致更高的成就。

作一個老師/訓練者，提供學習機會，以及以這一輩子的經驗作為知識的基礎。

A mentor can assume several roles:

• A social supporter/guide who provides encouragement as the young person embarks on new vocational experiences.

• A positive role model who demonstrates exemplary behavior and offers values that will encourage a strong work ethic and increase chances for future success and happiness.

• A challenger who encourages maximized potential and increased achievement by the young person.

• A teacher/trainer who provides learning opportunities and offers a lifetime of experiences as a knowledge base.

良師益友成功的關鍵：

          表現出願意傾聽學生的心聲的態度，並且盡可能不做價值判斷

          信守個人的承諾

          展現出尊重以及學習的意願

          記得做自已，有時候，我們好意地設法與年輕人拉近關係，並使用他們的俚語。他們能看穿這種偽裝的行為，覺得難以信任這種對其不真誠的人。

Keys for mentor success:

• Demonstrate a willingness to listen and to be seen as non-judgmental as possible.

• Maintain a personal commitment.

• Show respect and a willingness to learn.

• Remember to be yourself. Sometimes, with the best of intentions, we try to “relate” to young people and try to use their slang. They can see through this facade and may find it difficult to trust people who are not true to themselves.

p        計劃點子

舉辦模擬面談會，讓年輕人磨練求職面談技巧。

準備並分發就業輔導手冊，請扶輪社員們在手冊中描述他們的工作，以及他們怎麼會選擇這個工作的經過。

在當地中學或社區學院成立良師益友計劃。

n   Project Ideas

—  Conduct mock interview panels that will allow young people to hone their job-interviewing skills.

—  Prepare and distribute career pamphlets in which Rotarians describe their occupations and the paths that led to them.

—  Establish a mentoring program at a local high school or community college.

u    計劃實例

n   Project Examples

由澳洲昆士蘭9640地區的扶輪社及扶輪青年進入社會研討會是一項6天的訓練營，每年12月在一處沒有電視及現代社會其他令人分心的玩意的場地舉行。其目的在提供各種技巧給我們社會的青少年，使他們盡可能順利地從學校過度到職場或高等教育。這些技巧的課題包括演講、如何有效設定目標、以及時間管理。討論非口語的溝通及道德問題也是計劃裏不可缺少的一部份。

—  The Rotary Youth Transition Seminar, sponsored by Rotary and Rotaract clubs in District 9640, Queensland, Australia, is a six-day camp held each December in a venue isolated from TV and other distractions of modern society. It is aimed at providing the ordinary youth of our society with skills to make the transition from school to the workforce or tertiary education as successful as possible. The skills addressed range from public speaking to the effective use of goal-setting and time management. Discussion of non-verbal communication and moral issues is also an integral part of the program.

美國奧瑞岡州碧維頓(Beaverton)的碧維頓昇陽扶輪社支持可代羅之家(Cordero Home)。這是一個專為在正常學校制度之下表現欠佳的男生所設的團體生活中心。來這裡住的男生通常都有行為、學業、以及社會適應的問題。扶輪社員們舉行了一個職業晚會，每個學員都有機會一對一與各種行業的扶輪社員討論他們的專業，每次30分鐘。這些專業包括不動產估價、驗光、收稅、會計、教育、軍事、新聞、以及臨時就業。並且還安排了後續訪問，來看看這些男生採取了什麼步驟來尋找工作。

—  The Rotary Club of Beaverton-Sunrise in Beaverton, Oregon, USA, supports Cordero House, a residential group home for boys who have been unable to make it in regular school systems. Residents typically have behavioral, academic, and social problems. The Rotarians staged a career night in which each resident was able to meet one-on-one with various Rotarians for a half hour at a time to discuss their profession. Professions represented included real estate appraisal, optometry, tax collection, accounting, education, the military, journalism, and temporary employment. Followup visits were arranged to see what steps the boys had taken to pursue their career searches.

「國際成就者」是一項扶輪活動，始於蘇格蘭，目的在透過鼓勵青少年發展國際溝通及商業技巧，將企業家精神、創新、及創造力灌輸給青少年，以為他們社區的未來謀福利。英國的學校與五大洲的學校都有合作關係。這些學校成立了國際貿易公司，他們與國外的夥伴學校互相進行進口貿易，將本地的產品銷到國外。

—  Achievers International is a Rotary effort begun in Scotland that aims to instill in young people a spirit of entrepreneurship, invention, and creativity, encouraging them to develop international communication and business skills for the future benefit of their communities. Schools in the United Kingdom are linked with schools throughout the five continents. The schools form international trading companies that export and import locally sourced products with a partner school abroad.

職業技能訓練及資訊

Job Skills Training

and Information

無論是目前有工作還是待業中，每個人都能利用訓練來加強自己的技能，或學習新技能。我們的社會及經濟變遷非常快速，知識是的一種會過時的產品，今天所學的，明天就落伍了，甚或不再被社會需要了。為了趕上變遷的腳步，甚至決定變遷的速度，我們必須不斷追追求新知，這樣才不會被淘汰。

Whether currently employed or between jobs, everyone can use training to enhance their skills or to learn new ones. In our fast-moving societies and economies, knowledge is a perishable product; what we learn today is outdated or even redundant tomorrow. We need to renew and update our knowledge permanently to keep up with — or indeed to set — the pace of change, instead of being overrun by it.

n 計劃點子

—  Project Ideas

—   舉辦小企業研討會，來協助在掙扎中的企業家獲得企業經營的專業知識。

—   頒發獎學金給職業學校。

—   研究社區裏的成人教育計劃，以確定這些計劃，以確定這些計劃是否能滿足失業者需求。如果不能滿足，那就與學校一起開發新的課程。

p            Organize small-business seminars to help struggling entrepreneurs gain business expertise.

p            Award a scholarship to a trade school.

p            Study the adult-education programs in your community to determine if they meet the needs of displaced workers. If they don’t, work with schools to develop new courses.

n 計劃範例

u  Project Examples

—   印尼的色馬蘭坤蒂(Semarang Kunthi)扶輪社以提供漁貨保存訓練，來協助帝汶的奧桃洛(Atauro)島上的村民，島上有許多居民都是漁夫，但是他們通常都缺乏保存漁貨的技術，所以無法從漁獲中獲利。在美國阿拉斯加州的科迪卡(Kodiak)扶輪社及科迪卡晨曦(Kodiak-Morning)扶輪社，以及扶輪基金會一個配合獎助之下，扶輪社員們興建了一棟房子，作為處理漁貨之用，然後再拿到市場賣，並且教導當地婦女保存漁貨的技術。這些技術有助於提高他們的家庭收入，以及強化婦女在經濟上扮演的角色。

2. The Rotary Club of Semarang Kunthi, Indonesia, helped villagers on Atauro, a small island in Timor, by providing fish-preservation training. Many of the island’s inhabitants are fishermen, but they often lack the skills to preserve the fish to earn income from ocean harvests. With help from the Rotary clubs of Kodiak and Kodiak Morning, Alaska, USA, and a Rotary Foundation Matching Grant, the Rotarians constructed a building for preparing the fish for market and taught the local women preservation techniques. The skills helped boost families’ incomes and strengthened the economic role of women.

—   5890地區(美國德州)的扶輪社員舉辦了自由企業研討會，派遣一些出色的經理人到匈牙利及波蘭去。這些經理人在東歐各大城市巡迴發表關於管理、行銷、銷售、電腦、會計、研擬企業計劃、以及財務方面的演講。研討會採開放式，參加費用非常低，有興趣經營企業的人都能獲得他們需要的資訊。

p  Rotarians of District 5890 (Texas, USA) organized the Free Enterprise Seminar, which sent groups of prominent executives to Hungary and Poland. There the executives traveled to major cities and gave presentations in management, marketing, sales, computers, accounting, preparation of business plans, and financing.

Attendance was open and the cost of admission was kept low so that anyone interested in running a business could get the information they needed.

—   3300地區(馬來西亞)在一個身心重建中心成立了一個計劃，以訓練戒毒者經營麵包店。他們承諾受訓者可在結業後到一家連鎖麵包店工作。很快地，扶輪麵包店就開始為中心1,200個居民生產麵包以及糖果。多餘的產品就賣給一般社會大眾。

2. District 3300 (Malaysia) set up a project at a rehabilitation center that trained drug addicts in the operation of a bakery. The trainees were promised employment at a local bakery chain upon completion of the program. Soon the Rotary Bakery was producing bread and confectionery for 1,200 residents of the center. Surplus products were sold to members of the public.